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Organic Chemistry II
Carbonyl chemistry
Use this for “What forms when butanone reacts with CH₃CH₂MgBr, then with dilute acid?”
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What does each reaction make?
Tap a card, then tap its group.
Count the carbons the C=O carbon holds after the addition: that gives the alcohol’s class.
Assumptions
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The nucleophile adds to the C=O carbon; with a Grignard or a hydride, acid then turns the O⁻ into –OH.
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An alcohol’s class counts the carbons on the –OH carbon: methanal gives a primary alcohol, other aldehydes secondary, ketones tertiary with a Grignard.
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NaBH₄ adds only an H, so an aldehyde gives a primary alcohol and a ketone a secondary one.
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With acid, an alcohol adds twice and water leaves; a primary amine adds once and water leaves.
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