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Grade 9 Science · Biology

Cellular energy: ATP, photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Follow energy and matter through photosynthesis in the chloroplast and respiration in the mitochondrion, stage by stage.

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lightglucoseO₂CO₂H₂OATP → cell workATP, NADPHChloroplastMitochondrionPhotosynthesis: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂Respiration: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP
The products of each process are the reactants of the other: matter cycles, while energy flows in as light and out as work and heat.

Assumptions

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ATP carries the energy a cell spends; the cell remakes it from ADP and phosphate.
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Plant cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria; animal cells have only mitochondria.
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Textbooks give 30 to 38 ATP for each glucose respired, so no single total is stated here.
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