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Grade 12 Science · Earth & Space Science

Minerals and rocks: properties and how they form

Test minerals on the Mohs scale: what scratches what, and how hard each one is.

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RankMineralHardness1Talc2Gypsum3Calcite4Fluorite5Apatite6Orthoclase7Quartz8Topaz9Corundum10Diamondfingernail 2.5copper coin 3.5glass 5.5steel file 6.5
Talc, at 1, is the softest mineral on the scale; diamond, at 10, is the hardest.
The dashed lines are everyday tools: a fingernail, a copper coin, glass and a steel file.

Assumptions

•
A mineral scratches every mineral below it on the scale and is scratched by those above it.
•
The scale ranks hardness only; the steps are not equal.
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