SME
Grade 10 Science · Problem type
Ionic, covalent or metallic?
Use this for “What kind of bond holds magnesium oxide together?”
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Which kind of bond holds the substance together?
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Assumptions
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A metal with a nonmetal bonds ionically; nonmetals share; metals pool their electrons.
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Metals are on the left of the staircase line, nonmetals on the right.
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Properties of ionic, molecular and metallic substances
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Molecular shape, polarity and intermolecular forces
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Ionic, covalent and metallic bonding
Main lesson
The formula of an ionic compound
Use this to find an ionic compound’s formula from the charges of its ions: Mg²⁺ with Cl⁻ is MgCl₂, Al³⁺ with O²⁻ is Al₂O₃.
Metallic bonding: a sea of electrons
Use this for metallic bonding: how many electrons a piece of aluminum shares among its ions.
Bond polarity from electronegativity
Use this to tell whether a bond is nonpolar, polar covalent or ionic from the electronegativity difference.
Properties of ionic, molecular and metallic substances
Use this for “Which observation shows that a solid is an ionic compound?”